Carbon neutral energy means that your power usage is offset by your retailer supporting projects that reduce carbon emissions. These projects sell emissions reductions/units certificates to companies that are interested in being carbon neutral in order to fund their own continuation. Retailers have a choice of which initiatives they support, which can include anything from waste management to forest regrowth schemes.
There are thousands of climate action projects around the world that sell carbon offset units to our energy retailers. Here are some examples of carbon emission reduction projects some Australia retailers use:
The drawback of carbon offsetting is that it is hard to track (did that waste management program really end up saving greenhouse gasses?) and in some cases is reversable (planted trees may burn or otherwise die). Also, unless it involves investing in renewable generation, it doesn’t provide a lasting solution to fossil fuel use.
For these reasons Uniting Energy will not purchase power that is solely carbon offset. However the current supplier of GreenPower electricity to Uniting Energy, Powershop, additionally buys carbon offsets for all power that it supplies, so Uniting Energy customers get the benefit of this at no extra cost.